The ENT surgeon partially or completely repairs the ear’s sound conducting mechanism by either augmenting or reconstructing the damaged ossicles, using harvested ossicles or artificial prosthetics made of teflon, hydroxyapatite, or titanium etc.

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The remaining part of this surgical procedure is quite similar to that of myringoplasty. ENT surgeons often combine ossiculoplasty with myringoplasty in a single procedure.

It is a microsurgical procedure (conducted using an operating microscope) to reconstruct the eardrum or the tympanic membrane of the ear. In this surgery, harvested graft tissue is used to repair the perforated eardrum. The ear is then packed with gel foam, a Self-absorbable material, to secure it in place. The surgeon bandages the ear from outside for up to 7 days. This surgery can be performed under local or general anaesthesia.

Grommet is a miniature plastic tube that is placed inside an especially created hole in the eardrum so as to let the air get in and out and improve ventilation of the middle ear. Myringotomy with grommet insertion is conducted in patients suffering from a condition called glue ear (secretory or serous otitis media) i.e. fluid accumulation in ear, or those with a retracted eardrum.

The mastoid bone, situated right behind the ear, is a non-rigid, sponge-like structure that can get infected due to an untreated infection in the middle ear.

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Mastoidectomy also called mastoid exploration, is complete removal of diseased mastoid air cells from the mastoid bone. A mastoidectomy can be done under general or local anaesthesia.

A cochlear implant is a small, complex electronic device that improves the sense of hearing in people who are profoundly deaf or have severe hearing difficulties. The implant consists of an external part that is located behind the ear and a second part that is surgically placed under the skin.

When a disease called otosclerosis strikes the middle ear, the stapes – which is the smallest bone of the ear and also of our body – goes static, stops vibrating and the sound conduction part of hearing mechanism is disturbed leading to hearing loss. Stapes surgery (or stapedectomy) is a microsurgery that involves construction of an alternative sound conduction mechanism to bypass the fixed stapes to restore hearing.